Isakhiwo, umgaqo kunye neempawu ze-vacuum circuit breaker

Isakhiwo, umgaqo kunye neempawu ze-vacuum circuit breaker

Ubume be-vacuum circuit breaker
Isakhiwo se-vacuum circuit breaker ikakhulu siqulunqwe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-vacuum arc yokucima igumbi, indlela yokusebenza, inkxaso kunye namanye amacandelo.

1. Isiphazamisi sevacuum
Isiphazamisi sevacuum, ekwaziwa ngokuba yityhubhu yokutshintsha ivacuum, lelona candelo lingundoqo le-vacuum circuit breaker.Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuvumela ukuba umbane ophakathi kunye nophezulu wesiphaluka ukucima ngokukhawuleza i-arc kwaye ucinezele i-current emva kokuqhawula ukunikezelwa kwamandla ngokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-insulation ye-vacuum kumbhobho, ukwenzela ukuphepha iingozi kunye neengozi.Iziphazamisi zevacuum zohlulwe zibe ziziphazamisi zeglasi kunye neziphazamisi ze-ceramic vacuum ngokweeqokobhe zazo.

Igumbi lokucima i-arc yokucima i-arc liqulunqwe kakhulu yigobolondo yokukhusela yomoya, isekethe ye-conductive, inkqubo yokukhusela, uqhagamshelwano, i-bellows kunye nezinye iindawo.

1) Inkqubo yokugquma umoya
Isigqubuthelo somoya esiqinileyo sineqokobhe leglasi eliqinileyo elenziwe ngeglasi okanye iiseramikhi, ipleyiti yesigqubuthelo eshukumayo, ipleyiti eqinileyo enesiphelo esiqinileyo, kunye nemivumbo yentsimbi.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyanzeliswa komoya okulungileyo phakathi kweglasi, i-ceramics kunye nesinyithi, ngaphezu kwenkqubo yokusebenza engqongqo ngexesha lokutywinwa, ukunyanzeliswa kwezinto ngokwazo kufuneka kube kuncinci kangangoko kwaye ukukhutshwa komoya kwangaphakathi kunqunyelwe ubuncinci.Intsimbi yensimbi engenasici ayinakukwazi ukwahlula kuphela imo ye-vacuum ngaphakathi kwendawo yokucima i-arc ye-vacuum ukusuka kwimo yangaphandle ye-atmospheric, kodwa yenza uqhagamshelwano oluhambayo kunye nentonga ehambayo ehambayo ihambe phakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo ukugqiba uqhagamshelo kunye nokusebenza koqhawulo lwe-vacuum switch.

2) Inkqubo yokuqhuba
Inkqubo yokuqhuba yegumbi lokucima i-arc iqulethwe yintonga esisigxina, i-arc surface esebenzayo, i-contact esisigxina, umnxeba ohambayo, i-arc ehambayo ehambayo kunye nentonga ehambayo.Phakathi kwabo, intonga yokuqhuba esisigxina, i-arc surface esebenzayo kunye noqhagamshelwano olusisigxina lubizwa ngokuba yi-electrode esisigxina;Uqhagamshelwano oluhambayo, i-arc ehambayo kunye ne-conductive rod ehambayo idibene ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-electrode ehambayo.Xa i-vacuum circuit breaker, i-vacuum load switch kunye ne-vacuum contactor ehlanganiswe yi-vacuum arc yokucima i-arc ivaliwe, indlela yokusebenza ivala abafowunelwa ababini ngokuhamba kwentonga ehambayo ehambayo, ukugqiba ukudibanisa kwesiphaluka.Ukuze kugcinwe ukuchasana koqhagamshelwano phakathi kwabafowunelwa babini njengento encinci kwaye izinzile, kwaye ibe namandla afanelekileyo omatshini xa igumbi lokucima i-arc lithwala i-dynamic stable current, i-vacuum switch ixhotyiswe ngomkhono wesikhokelo kwelinye icala le-conductive eguquguqukayo. intonga, kunye nesethi yemithombo yoxinzelelo isetyenziselwa ukugcina uxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo phakathi kwabafowunelwa ababini.Xa i-vacuum switch iphula i-current, abafowunelwa ababini begumbi lokucima i-arc bahlukana kwaye bavelise i-arc phakathi kwabo de i-arc iphume xa i-current ngokwemvelo iwela i-zero, kwaye ukuphulwa kwesiphaluka kugqityiwe.

3) Inkqubo yokukhusela
Inkqubo yokukhusela ye-vacuum arc yokucima i-arc ikakhulu iqulunqwe yi-cylinder yokukhusela, i-shielding cover kunye nezinye iindawo.Imisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo yokukhusela yile:
(1) Thintela unxibelelwano ekuveliseni isixa esikhulu somphunga wesinyithi kunye nethontsi yolwelo etshizayo ngexesha le-arcing, ingcolise udonga lwangaphakathi lweqokobhe le-insulation, ebangela ukuba amandla okugquma ahle okanye agqabhuke.
(2) Ukuphucula ukusasazwa kwebala lombane ngaphakathi kwesiphazamisi sevacuum kulungelelaniso lwe-miniaturization yeqokobhe le-insulation ye-vacuum interrupter, ngakumbi kwi-miniaturization ye-vacuum interrupter ene-voltage ephezulu.
(3) Funxa inxalenye yamandla e-arc kunye neemveliso ze-arc ezijiyileyo.Ngokukodwa xa i-vacuum interrupter iphazamisa i-short-circuit current, ininzi yamandla okushisa awenziwe yi-arc athatyathwa yinkqubo yokukhusela, ehambelana nokuphucula amandla okubuyisela i-dielectric phakathi kwabafowunelwa.Ixabiso elikhulu leemveliso ze-arc ezifunxwa yinkqubo yokukhusela, amandla amakhulu awathathayo, adlala indima enhle ekunyuseni amandla okuqhawula kwe-vacuum interrupter.

4) Inkqubo yoqhagamshelwano
Uqhagamshelwano yinxalenye apho i-arc yenziwe kwaye icinywe, kwaye iimfuno zezinto kunye nezakhiwo ziphezulu.
(1) Izinto zoqhagamshelwano
Kukho ezi mfuno zilandelayo zemathiriyeli yoqhagamshelwano:
a.Umthamo ophezulu wokuqhawula
Kudinga ukuba i-conductivity yezinto ngokwayo inkulu, i-coefficient conductivity ye-thermal incinci, umthamo we-thermal mkhulu, kwaye amandla okukhutshwa kwe-electron ye-thermal aphantsi.
b.Amandla ombane aphezulu wokuqhekeka
I-voltage ephezulu yokuqhekeka ikhokelela kumandla aphezulu wokubuyisela i-dielectric, eluncedo ekucimeni kwe-arc.
c.Ukuxhathisa umbane ophakamileyo
Oko kukuthi, inokumelana nokukhutshwa kwe-arc yombane kwaye ine-evaporation encinci yesinyithi.
d.Ukumelana ne-fusion welding.
e.Ixabiso eliphantsi lokunqunyulwa kwangoku liyafuneka ukuba libe ngaphantsi kwe-2.5A.
f.Umxholo wegesi ophantsi
Isiqulatho somoya esisezantsi siyimfuneko yazo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwesiphazamisi sevacuum.I-Copper, ngokukodwa, kufuneka ibe ne-oksijeni yobhedu ephathwayo yinkqubo ekhethekileyo enomxholo ophantsi wegesi.Kwaye i-alloy yesilivere kunye nobhedu iyafuneka kwi-solder.
g.Izinto zoqhagamshelwano zegumbi lokucima i-arc yokucima i-arc ye-circuit breaker ithatha i-alloy ye-chromium yobhedu, kunye ne-akhawunti ye-chromium ye-50% ngokulandelelanayo.Icwecwe lengxubevange yobhedu yechromium enobunzima obuyi-3mm idityaniswe kwindawo yokukhwelana yabafowunelwa abangaphezulu nasezantsi ngokulandelelanayo.Intsalela ibizwa ngokuba yi-contact base, enokwenziwa ngobhedu olungenayo ioksijini.

(2) Isakhiwo soqhagamshelwano
Isakhiwo soqhagamshelwano sinempembelelo enkulu ekuphuhliseni umthamo wegumbi lokucima i-arc.Isiphumo sokucima i-arc esiveliswa ngokusebenzisa uqhagamshelwano kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zihlukile.Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zoqhagamshelwano oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo: unxibelelwano lwesakhiwo se-spiral umkhombe, uqhagamshelwano lwesakhiwo sekomityi kunye ne-chute kunye nesakhiwo soqhagamshelwano lwekomityi kunye nentsimi yemagnethi yobude, apho uqhagamshelwano lwesakhiwo oluyikomityi kunye nentsimi yemagneti yobude yeyona nto iphambili.

5) Imibhobho
Iimvulo zegumbi lokucima i-arc yokucima i-vacuum iyona nto ijongene nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwe-electrode ehambayo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile kunye nokugcina i-vacuum ephezulu ixesha elide, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba igumbi lokucima i-arc inobomi obuphezulu bomatshini.Iimvulo ze-vacuum interrupter yinto enqabileyo eyenziwe ngensimbi engenasici kunye nobukhulu be-0.1 ~ 0.2mm.Ngexesha lokuvula kunye nokuvalwa kwenkqubo yokucima i-vacuum, i-bellows yegumbi lokucima i-arc ixhomekeke ekwandiseni kunye nokunciphisa, kwaye icandelo leemvulo lixhomekeke kuxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo, ngoko ke ubomi benkonzo ye-bellows kufuneka bumiselwe ngokwe ukwandiswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokunciphisa kunye noxinzelelo lwenkonzo.Ubomi benkonzo ye-bellows buhambelana nobushushu bokufudumala kweemeko zokusebenza.Emva kokuba igumbi lokucima i-arc yokucima i-vacuum iphule i-current-circuit current enkulu, ubushushu obushiyekileyo bentonga ye-conductive idluliselwa kwi-bellows ukuphakamisa ubushushu be-bellows.Xa iqondo lokushisa liphakama ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, liya kubangela ukukhathala kwe-bellows kunye nokuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo ye-bellows.